DU

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: March 2004
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NAME

du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS

du [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION

Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-a, --all: write counts for all files, not just directories
--apparent-size: print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (`sparse') files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
-B, --block-size=SIZE use SIZE-byte blocks
-b, --bytes: equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1'
-c, --total: produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args: dereference FILEs that are symbolic links
-H: like --si, but also evokes a warning; will soon change to be equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
-h, --human-readable: print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si: like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-k: like --block-size=1K
-l, --count-links: count sizes many times if hard linked
-L, --dereference: dereference all symbolic links
-P, --no-dereference: don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
-0, --null: end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
-S, --separate-dirs: do not include size of subdirectories
-s, --summarize: display only a total for each argument
-x, --one-file-system: skip directories on different filesystems
-X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE: Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
--exclude=PATTERN Exclude files that match PATTERN.
--max-depth=N: print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize
--help: display this help and exit
--version: output version information and exit

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

PATTERNS

PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command