1.32 `strtol'--string to long
long _strtol_r(void *REENT,
const char *S, char **PTR,int BASE);
If the value of BASE is 0, the subject string is expected to look
like a normal C integer constant: an optional sign, a possible ``0x''
indicating a hexadecimal base, and a number. If BASE is between 2 and
36, the expected form of the subject is a sequence of letters and
digits representing an integer in the radix specified by BASE, with an
optional plus or minus sign. The letters `a'-`z' (or, equivalently,
`A'-`Z') are used to signify values from 10 to 35; only letters whose
ascribed values are less than BASE are permitted. If BASE is 16, a
leading `0x' is permitted.
The subject sequence is the longest initial sequence of the input
string that has the expected form, starting with the first
non-whitespace character. If the string is empty or consists entirely
of whitespace, or if the first non-whitespace character is not a
permissible letter or digit, the subject string is empty.
If the subject string is acceptable, and the value of BASE is zero,
`strtol' attempts to determine the radix from the input string. A
string with a leading `0x' is treated as a hexadecimal value; a string
with a leading 0 and no `x' is treated as octal; all other strings are
treated as decimal. If BASE is between 2 and 36, it is used as the
conversion radix, as described above. If the subject string begins with
a minus sign, the value is negated. Finally, a pointer to the first
character past the converted subject string is stored in PTR, if PTR is
not `NULL'.
If the subject string is empty (or not in acceptable form), no
conversion is performed and the value of S is stored in PTR (if PTR is
not `NULL').
The alternate function `_strtol_r' is a reentrant version. The
extra argument REENT is a pointer to a reentrancy structure.
`strtol' returns `LONG_MAX' or `LONG_MIN' if the magnitude of the
converted value is too large, and sets `errno' to `ERANGE'.
No supporting OS subroutines are required.
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